Tectonic processes refer to the mechanisms by which the Earth's lithosphere is deformed and reshaped through the movement of tectonic plates. These processes are responsible for the formation of mountains, earthquakes, and volcanic activity. The study of tectonic processes involves analyzing the forces that drive plate movement, the interactions between different plates, and the geological features and structures that result from this movement. Researchers in this area also investigate how tectonic processes influence the Earth's climate, the distribution of resources, and the evolution of life on our planet.